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Four stars, then, indicate a film outstanding in many ways, a milestone in cinema history, remarkable for acting, direction, writing, photography or some other aspect of technique.
 
 
 

          It wasn’t just that a film had to be jolly entertaining to obtain the highest rating, it also had to have something special about its production which set it apart from other great films.  One thinks of the montage effects in Potemkin, or the zither music in The Third Man, or the remarkable earthquake sequence in San Francisco.  Whilst a film could indeed be one of Halliwell’s personal favourites, if it didn’t have that extra something to elevate it to classic status required by the above definition then it would remain a three-star film.  So the difference between three and four star films was smaller than the difference between two and three star films, which is amply demonstrated by the book Halliwell’s Hundred in which he selects all his favourites, and many of the four-star films listed below do not appear.  As he says in the introduction, he admires the likes of Eisenstein without loving them.

          Over the lifetime of the Guide LH awarded 153 films his highest rating of four stars.  Some didn’t appear in the earlier editions; some were demoted along the way – with a major cull occurring between the 6th and 7th editions – but only three were ever promoted: Napoleon (1927), The Band Wagon (1953) and (ahem) Dumbo (1941).  The final total for the 7th Edition was 129.

          The following outlines the differences in each edition with links to a page on each film showing LH’s assessment and the contributions he felt were of a particularly high standard, indicated by the use of italics* in the Guide.  The assessments and the italics changed from time to time as LH continued to re-evaluate films for each edition and these differences are also noted.

 
 
 
124 films received four stars.  No foreign language, silent or short films were included in
the 1st Edition.
 
*Please click on any of the films to bring up more detailed information, including scenes and trailers for select movies, alternatively click here to see the Four-Star History of the Cinema.
Ace in the Hole (1951)
The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938)
The African Queen (1951)
All About Eve (1950)
All Quiet on the Western Front (1930)
All That Money Can Buy (1941)
An American in Paris (1951)
And Then There Were None (1945)
Angels With Dirty Faces (1938)
Bad Day at Black Rock (1954)
Bambi (1942)
The Best Years of Our Lives (1946)
The Blue Angel (1930)
Bonnie and Clyde (1967)
The Bride of Frankenstein (1935)
Brief Encounter (1945)
Casablanca (1943)
Citizen Kane (1941)
Crossfire (1947)
David Copperfield (1934)
A Day at the Races (1937)
Dead of Night (1945)
Destry Rides Again (1939)
Doctor Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1931)
Double Indemnity (1944)
Duck Soup (1933)
Fantasia (1940)
Foreign Correspondent (1940)
Forty-Second Street (1933)
The Four Feathers (1939)
Frankenstein (1931)
The Front Page (1931)
Gaslight (1939)
The Gay Divorcee (1934)
Genevieve (1953)
Gilda (1946)
The Golden Age of Comedy (1957)
Gone with the Wind (1939)
The Grapes of Wrath (1940) 
Great Expectations (1946)
Green for Danger (1946)
The Green Pastures (1936)
A Hard Day's Night (1964)
Harold Lloyd's World of Comedy (1962) 
Hell's Angels (1930)
Henry V (1944)
High Noon (1952)
His Girl Friday (1940)
Horse Feathers (1932)
The House on 92nd Street (1945)
The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939)
I am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang (1932)
I Married a Witch (1942)
In Which We Serve (1942)
The Informer (1935)
Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956)
The Invisible Man (1933)
It Happened One Night (1934)
It's a Wonderful Life (1946)
The Jazz Singer (1927)
The Jolson Story (1946)
King Kong (1933) 
King's Row (1941)
The Lady Vanishes (1938)
The Last Flight (1931)
Laura (1944)
The Lavender Hill Mob (1951)
Letter From an Unknown Woman (1948)
The Letter (1940)
Little Caesar (1930)
Lost Horizon (1937)
The Lost Weekend (1945)
Love Me Tonight (1932)
The Magnificent Ambersons (1942)
The Maltese Falcon (1941)
A Man For All Seasons (1966)
The Man in the White Suit (1951)
Marty (1955)
A Matter of Life and Death (1946)
The Miracle of Morgan's Creek (1943)
Les Misérables (1935)
Mr Smith Goes to Washington (1939)
Mystery of the Wax Museum (1933)
A Night at the Opera (1935) 
The Naked City (1948)
North by Northwest (1959)
Nothing Sacred (1937)
Oh Mr Porter (1937)
The Old Dark House (1932) 
Oliver Twist (1948)
On The Town (1949)
Passport to Pimlico (1949)
Paths of Glory (1957)
The Philadelphia Story (1940)
Pinocchio (1940)
The Prisoner of Zenda (1937)
Pygmalion (1938)
Queen Christina (1933)
Rebecca (1940)
The Red Shoes (1948)
Rembrandt (1936)
San Francisco (1936)
Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (1960)
Scarface (1932)
Singin' in the Rain (1952)
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937)
Sons of the Desert (1934)
Stagecoach (1939)
Sullivan's Travels (1941)
The Thief of Baghdad (1940)
The Thin Man (1934)
Things to Come (1936)
The Third Man (1949)
The 39 Steps (1935)
To Be or Not to Be (1942)
Top Hat (1935)
A Tree Grows in Brooklyn (1945)
Trouble in Paradise (1932)
Twelve Angry Men (1957)
Way Out West (1937)
The Way to the Stars (1945)
Whisky Galore (1948)
Wuthering Heights (1939)
Yankee Doodle Dandy (1942)
 
 
 
There was one demotion in the 2nd Edition. The Front Page (1931) was the unlucky film, dropped to three stars.  However, a total of 14 films were introduced at the highest rating:
À Nous la Liberté (1931)
Alexander Nevsky (1938)
The Battleship Potemkin (1925)
Bicycle Thieves (1948)
The Birth of a Nation (1915)
The Cabinet of Dr Caligari (1919)
The Cure (1917)
Easy Street (1917)
Les Enfants du Paradis (1945)
The General (1926)
Le Million (1931)
Triumph of the Will (1936)
The True Glory (1945)
Why We Fight (1942)
 
 
 
Two films were demoted: Ace in the Hole and The African Queen, both 1951.  Napoleon (1927) was promoted from two stars to four, and there were four new introductions:
Napoleon (1927) - promoted

Big Business
(1929)
Intolerance (1916)
The Music Box (1932)
Two Tars (1928)
 
 
 
Things remained relatively steady for the 4th Edition, with the only movement being two brand new additions, both short films:
Begone Dull Care (1953)
The Red Balloon (1955)
 
 
 
No new entries or promotions, but six demotions: All About Eve (1950), Green for Danger (1946), I Married a Witch (1942), Queen Christina (1933), The Last Flight (1931), and Yankee Doodle Dandy (1942) all suffered the indignity of losing that precious fourth star.
No new entries or promotions  
 
 
A Tree Grows in Brooklyn (1945), The Miracle of Morgan's Creek (1943) and The Informer (1935) lost their four-star status here, with four wartime documentaries being introduced at the top level:

Desert Victory (1943)
London Can Take It (1940)
Target For Tonight (1941)
A Diary for Timothy (1945)

 
 
 
LH dealt out his harshest judgements in the 7th Edition, with no fewer than eleven films losing their four-star status: Bicycle Thieves (1948), Gilda (1946), Horse Feathers (1932), It Happened One Night (1934), Mystery of the Wax Museum (1933), Nothing Sacred (1937), Paths of Glory (1957), The Green Pastures (1936), The House on 92nd Street (1945), The Thin Man (1934) and Wuthering Heights (1939).  However, two films were actually promoted:
Dumbo (1941) - promoted
The Band Wagon (1953) - promoted

…and there were also a couple of new arrivals:

Listen to Britain (1943)
October (1927)
 
 
  ...meaning that at the time of his death in 1989,
Leslie Halliwell rated the following 130 films as the best ever made:
 
 
 
1915 - The Birth of a Nation                                            
1916 - Intolerance                                                                    
1917 - The Cure                                        
1917 - Easy Street                                    
                                                                       
1919 - The Cabinet of Dr Caligari
                                                                       
1925 - The Battleship Potemkin

1926 - The General

1927 - The Jazz Singer                  
1927 - Napoleon                              
1927 - October
                                                                       
1928 - Two Tars

1929 - Big Business                                                                 
1930 - The Blue Angel
1930 - All Quiet on the Western Front
1930 - Hell's Angels
1930 - Little Caesar
                                                                       
1931 - Le Million                                     
1931 - Frankenstein 
1931 - À Nous la Liberté                     
1931 - Doctor Jekyll and Mr Hyde               
1932 - I am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang
1932 - The Music Box                             
1932 - Love Me Tonight
1932 - The Old Dark House
1932 - Scarface
1932 - Trouble in Paradise                               
1933 - The Invisible Man
1933 - King Kong               
1933 - Forty-Second Street
1933 - Duck Soup

1934 - David Copperfield
1934 - The Gay Divorcee
1934 - Sons of the Desert                    
                                                                       
1935 - The 39 Steps      
1935 - Top Hat                                          
1935 - A Night at the Opera                
1935 - Les Misérables                           
1935 - The Bride of Frankenstein
           
1936 - Rembrandt                  
1936 - San Francisco
1936 - Triumph of the Will
1936 - Things to Come 
 
1937 - Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
1937 - Way Out West            
1937 - The Prisoner of Zenda
1937 - Oh Mr Porter
1937 - Lost Horizon                       
1937 - A Day at the Races
                                                                       
1938 - The Adventures of Robin Hood
1938 - Alexander Nevsky                     
1938 - Angels With Dirty Faces
1938 - The Lady Vanishes
1938 - Pygmalion
                                                           
1939 - Mr Smith Goes to Washington
1939 - Stagecoach                
1939 - The Hunchback of Notre Dame
1939 - Gone with the Wind              
1939 - The Four Feathers
1939 - Gaslight                       
1939 - Destry Rides Again

1940 - Fantasia
1940 - Foreign Correspondent          
1940 - The Grapes of Wrath
1940 - His Girl Frday
1940 - The Letter         
1940 - The Thief of Baghdad
1940 - London Can Take It
1940 - Rebecca
1940 - The Philadelphia Story
1940 - Pinocchio                                       
1941 - The Maltese Falcon
1941 - Target For Tonight
1941 - Dumbo
1941 - Sullivan's Travels
1941 - King's Row
1941 - Citizen Kane
1941 - All That Money Can Buy

1942 - Bambi
1942 - In Which We Serve
1942 - To Be or Not to Be
1942 - Why We Fight
1942 - The Magnificent Ambersons

1943 - Desert Victory
1943 - Listen to Britain
1943 - Casablanca

1944 - Double Indemnity
1944 - Laura
1944 - Henry V

1945 - Les Enfants du Paradis
1945 - Dead of Night
1945 - And Then There Were None
1945 - Brief Encounter
1945 - The Way to the Stars
1945 - The True Glory
1945 - The Lost Weekend
1945 - A Diary for Timothy

 
1946 - A Matter of Life and Death
1946 - It's a Wonderful Life
1946 - The Best Years of Our Lives
1946 - Great Expectations
1946 - The Jolson Story

1947 - Crossfire

1948 - Letter From an Unknown Woman
1948 - The Red Shoes
1948 - Oliver Twist
1948 - The Naked City
1948 - Whisky Galore

1949 - The Third Man
1949 - On The Town
1949 - Passport to Pimlico

1951 - The Man in the White Suit
1951 - The Lavender Hill Mob
1951 - An American in Paris

1952 - High Noon
1952 - Singin' in the Rain 

1953 - The Band Wagon
1953 - Genevieve
1953 - Begone Dull Care

1954 - Bad Day at Black Rock

1955 - The Red Balloon
1955 - Marty

1956 - Invasion of the Body Snatchers

1957 - The Golden Age of Comedy
1957 - Twelve Angry Men

1959 - North by Northwest

1960 - Saturday Night and Sunday Morning

1962 - Harold Lloyd's World of Comedy

1964 - A Hard Day's Night

1966 - A Man For All Seasons

1967 - Bonnie and Clyde


 
 
 

* Producers were largely overlooked in this area, but I guess it’s more difficult to assess their performance from what’s on the screen.  In the cases were LH did give a producer italics it was more than likely because of specialist knowledge about the making of the film in question.  Subsequently, An American in Paris is the only movie in which everyone listed, including producer Arthur Freed, gets italics.

         
Halliwell sometimes strayed out of his remit by italicising the name of the author or playwright on whose work a film was based.  Thus Margaret Mitchell receives italics for writing Gone with the Wind and H. G. Wells is similarly commended for The Invisible Man.  I think LH was just showing off here about how cultured he was.
 
 
 

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